James Gibb was probably the most popular of the early eighteenth century architects. His book, A Book of Architecture, was considered a major source book for English architects when it was published in 1728. It provided a definitive source for architectural vocabulary, elements, and ornamentation.

Trained in Italy by the great architect Fontana, Gibb was greatly influenced by Renaissance and Baroque architecture. His own work was primarily influenced by his mentor, Christopher Wren. Gibb is best known for his churches and public buildings; the American White House is modeled on his designs.